Lubricating system.



C. E. JUDSN.

LUBBIGATING SYSTEM.

APPLIGATIOI FILED AUG. 19. X910. 1,01 1,626, Patented Dec. 12,1911.

VENTUH I (1v1/'57 ali ATTORNEY UNTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHAMPION H. JUDSON, 0F DOBBS FERRY, NEW YORK.

LUBRICATING SYSTEM.

Specication ol Lettersratent.

Patented Dee. 1e, 1911.

Application led August 19, 1910. Serial No. 578,014.

specification.

My invention relates to lubricating systems for engines and more particularly to lnbri'catin systems for internal combustionengines avin a reciprocating piston, and is especially a apted for use with automobile or motor boat engines, being applicable to motors of either the two-cycle or four-cycle class.

`My invention provides means .Y for injecting oil into the combustion chamber in such a manner that the piston reciprocating therein is at all times uniformly and adequately lubricated, at the same time preventing the use of suoli a superiluity of oil Aas will cause the engine to emit visible fumes from its exhaust.

The most common method of cylinder lubrication in use in engines of the type labove specified is that commonly known as the splash feed s stem, in which the crank ense is kept fille with oil to such a depth that the crank at each revolution will be partially immersed therein and the oil will be splashed up, not only into the bearings of the connecting rod, but also into the cylinder suicientl to lubricate the piston in its travel therein. The splash feed s stem of lubrication, however, is objectiona le in many ways. The extent of the lubrication is uncertain, depending on several factors, among which are the depth of the oil in the crank case and the speed of the engine, the cylinder not receiving un equal amount of oil at each revolution, as it should for most eliicient operation. As a result of this state of affairs, the engine at times receives an excess of oil, causing a smoky exhaust, and also the formation of carbon in the cylinder which interferes greatly with the economical and satisfactory operation of the motor. By my improved system an equal amount of oil is injected into the cylinder at each revolution, irrespective of the speed of the mehr, and this positive supply, when once adjusted, will continue to deliver-oil at the same rate until the reservoir becomes empty. A minimum of oil may, therefore, be used with my system with the assurance that the ,represents pipe 10 is provided for admitting 'direct pressure to bear'upon the oil,

engine will constantly amount, while in prior receive the proper devices an excess supply is`re uircd to provide for possibleI ricate for a short period of of the engine.

failure to lu time during the operation In the accom anying drawings which form a part of t is specification, Figure 1 a sectional view of one form of my improved lubrication system as applied to an internal combustion motorl of the twocycle type; Fig. 2 is a similar view in which the engine is shown at another stage in its operation; Fi 3 is a ,transverse sectional view on line I l--HI of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a 4view similar to Fig. 1 of a four-cycle engine device; Fig. 5 .is a view equipped with my anothery sta 'e in similar to Fig. 4 showing Vthe operation of the engine; Fig. 6 is a` ragmentarysectional view on an enlarged scale of a portion of the cylinder wall and the oil manifold in operative position; Fig. 7 is a view similar to Figj with the manifold displaced in order to permit access to the oil inlet passages. h

Referring in detail to the drawings,

numeral 1 designates the cylinder of a twocycle internal combustion engine in which recirocates the piston 2 actuating the crank sha 3 through the agency of the connecting rod 4. The engine is provided with the crank case 5 and the by-pass 6 leading to the inlet passage 7.

The numeral 8 designates the exhaust passage.

To admit oil to the cylinder, I pierce the walls of the same with one or more oil inlet passages 9, surrounding which is an oil` inlet manifold 9* of semi-circular section completely encircling the cylinder. The supply oil to the oil inlet manifold either by gravity from a sup ly tank, not shown, leve of the inlet passa or under pressure, as may -be desired. glelgie oil manifold is split diametrically on the line 11, and means for joining the two sections, comprising bolts 12, passing through the ilanges 13, are provided. The oil inlet passages are so placed that the piston in its travel will never uncover them. Owing to this fact, the oil need not be injected under 'high pressure, and a gravity system may, if desired, be employed, as neither the compressed gases in the crank chamber, nor the gases 'in the combustion chamber, can ever brinany situated above the I shows thtpiston at the end of its downward stroke, while Fig. shows the piston at the extremity ot' its upward travel, the oil inlet niss es iin iieitheii cane .beinf -iiiicovercd' iill n l-zubsiaiitial len ,fthof the piston receiving oil at each sti-olie und distributing the laine within tli'u'cyliide'i".A 'Iliiseonstruction necessitates the use of a piston slightly longer than the stroke. I preferably taper the inlet oil paaaag's, as shown in Fig. 6 in 'order' to"proiiidd "a slightl 'larger o'ilingi internal `surface. Since.` o' .is constantly feeding during the operation of the engine, there is little danger of the inlet passa s lit-eraningl elo ed. However, should t is occur1 it is ongnecessary to loosen the nuts 12 slightly and tolslide the oil inletmanifeld longitudinallyl along the cylinder until the oil inlet passages are exposed, when they maybe readily freed from any foreign substance.

In Figs. 4 and 5 Ihave illustrated a modification 1n which my device is applied to a four-cycle motor, and means for feeding the oil under pressure, actuated directly by the engine, are provided. Referring to these. figures, the numeral .1 -.l designates tlie cylinder, iwithin which reciprocalea the piston 15 operating the cranlt s haft 16 bly the connectini,i rod 1T. The cylinder .wa l in this rase is pierced by a 18 similar tu t o se iu the ci ine'a re described. Surrounding(lheiilct. pitcjagrs is tho'oil manifold, 19,. ,For suplplying; oil unr'lcr iressure to this manifold, provide a foire leedsystem 'com )rising a wisten 20 reciprocating' iu a avlini er 2l. T iis piston may be recipria'nted Itlitjoughtlie agrncy of a sprin1 2Q and arrnzlterlarin 23, which is actuate hi' ,the iiin'ltlcryril to one of the valve or `lml,fl'tiiiie'lfsliii'lta '25." This cani han the' tten opei-atli'i'ig faces 2li and 27, 18p legi-ccs apart. 'llieuseof a' double nani is preferred, in that` the vali'c shaft nfvnlws `onl\` ii'nee for crt-ry' tno 'reroliitinnsof the crank shaft. lhe cylinder .l' is' ruifided with an inletI \'nli'e".!8 admitting' oil on the down strokiof tlm piston from th'e supply pipe Thil valveiendptedtoseat on the up stroke of-the laiton, at wli'u-lt time the outlet valiu'lttl wi l'opeii and the nil will be torri-il out tlimu li -t te outlet pipe ttl int( the oil inlet mani old;- Uilwill thus be clntinuously. fori-ml iigaiustllie-:piston in its irarcl from the beginning oita downward .stroke until .it rcarhea the end of its travel. 'l'litneuuiilmay bii-t-o dispomid-oii the shaft that oilluuilor.' nessurowilllw. supplied an instant Alait'oi'is.tll1a piston rovers thevalve iiilei passagewon it.-.ilo\\'|iwartlintroke. thus permittingy hilight.amount ut oil .tn be I-prayed intuitie i-lfliiulri'. all iu essential, however, that the uil `ii let. primaires bn so lirtpvmrdfin ilu: wallh e thu cylinder that thcl upper und ot' the pistou shall never uaplurality of nil inlet iassages cover theni in its travel. other-aise thil oil `.vill be subjected to the full pressure ul' the gases at the cnil of the power stroke iii the 'explosion chamber. Iii the case of a fourcycle motor illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5, the length of the piston may be such as to keep the oil inlet passages closed throughout its travel as illustrated in the iiioditiention iirst descri ed, or may oc shortened so as to uncover all the passages, or sonic of them, when the piston is at the top of its sti-oke, as illustrated in Fig. 5. The construction of tlie oil inlet manifold in either case is identical1 so that the longitudinally alongr the cylinder in order to permit of the cleanin of the inlet passages iii case they slioulgd become clogged from any cause.

lVliile I have illustrated my .invent-ion as applied to internal combustion engines, I, do not wish to be limited thereto, as it is evident that my invention is capable of broader a plication, not only to various innchines ot er than a gas engine, having a reciprocating iston, such as air com rcssors and the lille, but: is also capable el) heing applied to other structures where positive and uniform lubrication is desired.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a lubricating system, a reciprocating member, a structure surrounding said member having oil inlet passages through 'the walls thcmof, an oil manifold surroundying said passages adjustable in the dire'ction of reciprocation, and means for supplying oil to said manifold.

2. In a lubricating system, a cylinder, a reciprocating member tieiein, oil inlet passages through the walls of said cylinder so disposed that they shall never be uncovered by said reci rocating member, an oil mani- `fold encircling unid cylinder and -aurrounding said asaages, sind manifold being ad instable 1n the direction of reciprocation, iignil:l means for supplying oil to said mani- 8. In n. lubricating system, a cylinder, a recproeatin member therein, oil inlet pas safes throng the walls of said cylinder, un oi manifold encircling said cylinder and surrounding said passages, an( means for positively cing oil luto said manifold only at the tiniea ivheii aid passages are covered by said mciprocating member.

4. In a. lubricating s stem, a cylinder, n reciprocating.;r member therein, oil inlet passa es through the walls of said cylinder, an oifmanifold of semi-circular section encir- 'eling said cylinder and surrounding said lpasnages, said manifold being split transrcrsely, means for uniting the ends thereof l and thereby tensioning said manifold against the Walla of said, c vlndtr, and means for i supplying oil to said manifold.

manifold may be slipped' 5. ln a lubricating system, a cylinder, a reciprocating member t erein, oil inlet passages thro h the4 Walls oi said eyinder, an oil manifol of semi-circular section encircling'said cylinder and surrounding said reciprocating member therein, oil inlet passages through the walls of said cylinder, means included Within said cylinder for preventing compressed ses therein from having access to said oil Inlet assages,` and means for positively forcing oi against said reciprocating member when the oil inlet passages are covered thereby.

CHAMPION H. JUDSON.

Witnesses:

OLIVER WILLIAMS, GERALD E. Tmnwmacnn. 

